Publications

Publications & Research

Explore our comprehensive collection of reports, white papers, and policy documents examining AI governance, policy frameworks, and technological innovation across Africa.

Featured

Featured Report

Africa AI Governance Index (AAIGI): Inaugural Report, 2026 Edition

The inaugural Africa AI Governance Index assesses all 54 African states across 8 weighted pillars and 80 indicators, revealing a continent in the early-development band where AI strategy consistently outpaces enforceable law, ring-fenced budgets, and oversight. It maps the structural gaps, infrastructure concentration, a 3% share of global AI talent, foreign cloud dependence, and a regulatory patchwork that define the continent's AI governance maturity as of mid-2026.

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93 publications

Report

2025

Africa AI Privacy Report 2025

Examines AI's transformation of Africa's digital landscape across finance, healthcare, law enforcement, education, and governance. Analyzes privacy challenges, regulatory gaps, and offers strategic policy recommendations to balance technological advancement with fundamental rights protection.

Adopting AI in Africa’s Judicial Systems

Report

1 July 2025

Adopting AI in Africa’s Judicial Systems

AI is transforming global judicial systems. In Africa, it offers solutions to backlogs and inefficiencies but must be tailored to local contexts, with ethical safeguards and inclusive implementation.

Policy Guidelines For The Integration of Artificial Intelligence in African Judicial Systems

POLICY BRIEF

28 March 2025

Policy Guidelines For The Integration of Artificial Intelligence in African Judicial Systems

African judicial systems face challenges like backlogs, language barriers, and limited resources. AI offers solutions—faster research, judgment writing, and access to legal info—but raises ethical concerns. A cautious, rights-based, continental approach can promote responsible AI adoption through shared standards, mutual learning, and contextual innovation.

Leveraging AI-Powered Mechanisms to Improve Small Claims Courts in Africa

POLICY BRIEF

28 March 2025

Leveraging AI-Powered Mechanisms to Improve Small Claims Courts in Africa

Small Claims Courts offer fast, affordable justice for minor disputes, easing burdens on traditional courts. Despite benefits, challenges persist—AI can help improve efficiency, access, and legal innovation.

Bridging the Justice Gap: Artificial Intelligence as a Tool for Judicial Efficiency in African Countries

POLICY BRIEF

28 March 2025

Bridging the Justice Gap: Artificial Intelligence as a Tool for Judicial Efficiency in African Countries

Judicial systems in African countries face a myriad of challenges- ranging from poor record keeping and case management, to insufficient staff and resources. The system also heavily relies on human capacity for daily operations, including the filing of court cases, manual writing of court proceedings, documentation, and record keeping. All together, these challenges result in case delays, high case backlog, which not only erodes trust in judicial systems but also limits the efficient administration of justice. This policy brief examines the challenges facing the judicial systems of various African countries, and explores how Artificial Intelligence (AI) models can be deployed to solve these challenges

Report

1 August 2024

5 Years of AI Regulation in Africa

AI is transformative but faces challenges in Africa, including policy gaps, infrastructure issues, and the need for local talent.

AI & the Future of Judicial Systems in Africa 2024

Report

1 August 2024

AI & the Future of Judicial Systems in Africa 2024

The report analyzes AI's transformative impact on Africa's judicial systems, highlighting adoption challenges, benefits, and governance strategies.

Learning Note: Introduction to a data and analytics strategy

Policy Paper

1 January 2024

Learning Note: Introduction to a data and analytics strategy

Many organizations lack a clear digital transformation strategy, making data strategy development crucial for Rwanda’s Economy Digitalization Programme. This initiative helps institutions maximize data assets and drive growth. A comprehensive data strategy was tested across Rwanda's public institutions, focusing on aligning data use with organizational goals for improved decision-making.

From the margins to the center: Africa's role in shaping AI governance

Blog Article

5 November 2024

From the margins to the center: Africa's role in shaping AI governance

Africa has the potential to transition from an AI consumer to a developer by addressing infrastructure gaps, fostering talent, enhancing data ecosystems, and promoting regional collaboration. Inclusive AI governance and sufficient funding are essential to ensure equitable benefits and active African participation in shaping global AI efforts.

6 ways Google is working with AI in Africa

Blog

1 June 2023

6 ways Google is working with AI in Africa

Google's AI center in Accra tackles global challenges, including flood forecasting, locust prediction, maternal health, and literacy improvement.

Landscape study of AI policies and use in Southern Africa

Research report

1 January 2022

Landscape study of AI policies and use in Southern Africa

AI has the potential to support inclusive economies in Africa, but its proliferation poses risks that may worsen social and economic inequalities. A study assesses AI use and regulatory frameworks in Southern Africa, aiming to promote ethical governance and highlight opportunities across sectors like healthcare, education, and labor.

A New Dawn: Embracing Ethical Adoption And Adaptation Of Artificial Intelligence (AI) In Africa

Blog

9 August 2023

A New Dawn: Embracing Ethical Adoption And Adaptation Of Artificial Intelligence (AI) In Africa

AI is driving transformative advancements across Africa, revolutionizing sectors like healthcare, agriculture, and education, while addressing key challenges.

Literature Review

13 February 2024

Consequences of Artificial Intelligence on Teaching and Learning in Higher Education in Kenya: Literature Review

This article investigates the global impact of Artificial Intelligence (AI) on higher education, focusing on Kenya. Examining published studies, the prevalence of AI in higher education was found to be highest in Asia (41%), compared to 1% in South America and 2% in Africa. A 2023 global student survey revealed that Generative AI was most popular in Kenya, with a usage rate of 63%. Moreover, a study among students aware of AI content detectors in their institutions indicated a significant reduction in the use of AI-generated content, affirming the deterrent effect of such detectors. The future of higher education is poised for a revolution with AI, particularly in individualized learning. Algorithms will assess academic scores, passions, and preferred learning strategies to tailor personalized education paths, adapting and evolving with the learner.

White Paper

1 June 2024

AI and the Future of Work in Africa White Paper

The white paper discusses the implications of Generative AI on Africa's future of work, emphasizing inclusive policies, human-centered design, local solutions, and investment in infrastructure and education.

Report

1 July 2025

The State of AI in Africa Report

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is fast becoming a defining feature of Africa’s digital transformation. The State of AI in Africa Report 2025 offers a critical reflection on how AI ecosystems across the continent have evolved since 2023, highlighting advances in infrastructure, regulatory frameworks, capacity building, and sectoral innovation, while also surfacing enduring structural disparities.

Report

5 November 2024

Deloitte's latest report on "AI for Inclusive Development in Africa

Africa's AI potential is hindered by data scarcity, limited infrastructure, and the digital divide. Despite efforts to bridge this gap, significant investments in digital infrastructure and AI-specific tools are needed to unlock AI's benefits for the continent.

Article

7 November 2024

From the margins to the center: Africa's role in shaping AI governance blog article published by World Bank

Africa has the potential to become a major AI player but faces challenges. To realize this, inclusive AI governance is crucial, considering Africa's unique context and priorities. Significant investments and policy frameworks are needed to harness AI's benefits and avoid potential risks.

Protection of Personal Information Framework South Africa published

Publication

11 November 2024

Protection of Personal Information Framework South Africa published

The Protection of Personal Information Act (POPIA) in South Africa requires researchers, institutions, and investigators to comply with data privacy regulations. This framework provides guidelines to ensure research projects adhere to POPIA, protecting personal information and establishing data security measures.

New research, “AI and the Global South: The Role of Civil Society in AI Decision-Making’(CARE INTL UK)

Research Paper

12 November 2024

New research, “AI and the Global South: The Role of Civil Society in AI Decision-Making’(CARE INTL UK)

This report highlights the role of Global South civil society organizations (CSOs) in AI governance. It explores their insights on effective AI inclusion and decision-making processes, aiming to inform future AI development and policy.

Detecting Cervical Cancer Through Artificial Intelligence Powered Digital Microscopes In Africa

Blog

22 February 2021

Detecting Cervical Cancer Through Artificial Intelligence Powered Digital Microscopes In Africa

AI technologies like PapsAI are enhancing cervical cancer diagnosis and treatment in Africa, improving early detection and reducing mortality.

Harnessing power of language, tech to boost SME digital trade

News Paper Article

14 January 2025

Harnessing power of language, tech to boost SME digital trade

Africa's MSME sector, powered by local languages and informal trade, drives 80% of the continent's commerce. Incorporating African languages into digital tools can enhance e-commerce, empower youth and women, and bridge global digital divides.

Report

13 September 2024

Pact for the Future

The Pact for the Future emphasizes global cooperation to address transformative challenges like climate change, inequality, and poverty, aiming for a sustainable, inclusive, and just future. It reaffirms commitments to international law, human rights, sustainable development, and gender equality, advocating for multilateralism and collective action. The Pact includes 58 actions for progress across development, peace, technology, and global governance, with a review set for the 83rd UN General Assembly session.

Can AI improve health care delivery in Africa? 5 things you should know

Policy Paper

28 October 2024

Can AI improve health care delivery in Africa? 5 things you should know

The potential of AI in African health care hinges on localization, infrastructure investment, oversight, cost-effectiveness, and empowering local innovators to address biases and create inclusive, impactful solutions.

Report

1 October 2025

Q3 AI in Africa Summary Report

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has become a transformative technology driving socioeconomic growth across Africa. AI is increasingly positioned as a catalyst for innovation, unlocking opportunities across various sectors, including health, education, agriculture, and finance. However, realizing these benefits requires navigating significant challenges, including limited infrastructure, funding constraints, skill gaps, and, most importantly, regulatory challenges. Developing tailored, ethical and inclusive regulatory frameworks has become central to Africa’s AI journey

Report

1 January 2022

AI in Africa

Africa is central to the global AI supply chain but faces challenges with foreign tech dominance. Local strategies should focus on inclusive development and gender equality.

Blog

28 January 2024

Governing AI in Africa: Policy frameworks for a new frontier

AI will revolutionize Africa, driving sustainable growth, innovation, and opportunity across sectors like business, health, and agriculture.

Voice and Access in AI: Global AI Majority Participation in Artificial Intelligence Development and Governance

Paper

18 October 2024

Voice and Access in AI: Global AI Majority Participation in Artificial Intelligence Development and Governance

AI's transformative potential is hindered by unequal access, excluding the Global AI Majority. This paper proposes remedies like infrastructure development, education, participatory governance, and safety mechanisms to ensure equitable benefits.

Report

19 September 2024

Governing AI for Humanity

Artificial intelligence (AI) offers vast potential to advance scientific inquiry, public health, and sustainable development. However, AI governance is essential to address risks like bias, disinformation, and inequitable benefits. Current regulatory systems are fragmented, lacking accountability and clear standards.

Report

1 July 2025

The Republic of Tanzania Artificial Intelligence Readiness Assessment Report - July 2025

In November 2021, 193 Member States of UNESCO adopted the Recommendation on the Ethics of Artificial Intelligence. This global standard aims to leverage the positive impact of AI while addressing its inherent risks. Countries around the world are now in the process of implementing the Recommendation, with UNESCO supporting them through various capacity-building efforts. In this context, UNESCO is partnering with the Patrick J. McGovern Foundation on the Harnessing the Power of AI to Promote Equal Opportunities in the Digital World initiative to translate the Recommendation into national institutional and regulatory frameworks and build a national consensus on the shared vision for AI.

Can AI help Africa close the development gap?

News Paper Article

17 October 2024

Can AI help Africa close the development gap?

AI is transforming Africa with solutions in healthcare, education, and agriculture, while raising concerns about inequality, data privacy, and dependency on foreign tech giants.

Case studies of AI policy development in Africa

Journal Article

10 February 2025

Case studies of AI policy development in Africa

Artificial intelligence (AI) requires new ways of evaluating national technology use and strategy for African nations. We conduct a survey of existing “readiness” assessments both for general digital adoption and AI policy in particular. We conclude that existing global readiness assessments do not fully capture African states’ progress in AI readiness and lay the groundwork for how assessments can be better used for the African context. We consider the extent to which these indicators map to the African context and what these indicators miss in capturing African states’ on-the-ground work in meeting AI capability. Through case studies of four African nations of diverse geographic and economic dimensions, we identify nuances missed by global assessments and offer high-level policy considerations for how states can best improve their AI readiness standards and prepare their societies to capture the benefits of AI.

Advancing Rights-Based AI Strategy in Côte d’Ivoire

Policy Brief

1 April 2025

Advancing Rights-Based AI Strategy in Côte d’Ivoire

Côte d’Ivoire has taken a significant step towards embracing the transformative potential of Artificial Intelligence (AI) with the development of its National AI and Data Governance Strategy. This policy brief emerges from the critical discussions and expert insights shared during Paradigm Initiative’s Côte d’Ivoire inaugural Digital Policy Engagement Series (DiPES), convened in Abidjan.

Artificial Intelligence in Sub-Saharan Africa: Ensuring Inclusivity

Report

1 December 2021

Artificial Intelligence in Sub-Saharan Africa: Ensuring Inclusivity

AI is disrupting global development sectors, offering benefits but facing slow adoption and infrastructure challenges in Africa. Inclusivity in AI policies and infrastructure is crucial for equitable progress.

Ethical Governance of AI in the Global South: A Human Rights Approach to Responsible Use of AI

Article

29 April 2022

Ethical Governance of AI in the Global South: A Human Rights Approach to Responsible Use of AI

AI's transformative potential is vast, with applications in various fields. However, the global south faces risks due to governance gaps and exploitation by developed nations, including resource extraction and invisible labor. Ethical governance is crucial to address these disparities.

Report

1 December 2024

AI from the Global Majority Report

The 2024 DAIG Coalition report highlights inclusive AI governance, focusing on the Global South's experiences, challenges, and contributions to equitable, rights-based, and sustainable frameworks.

AI for Africa: Artificial Intelligence for Africa's Socio-Economic Development by African Union Development Agency (AUDA-NEPAD)

Report

1 August 2021

AI for Africa: Artificial Intelligence for Africa's Socio-Economic Development by African Union Development Agency (AUDA-NEPAD)

The report outlines AI's potential to boost Africa's growth in key sectors but notes challenges in infrastructure and policy.

Unpacking the potential of Artificial Intelligence to accelerate youth development in Africa.

Policy Brief

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Unpacking the potential of Artificial Intelligence to accelerate youth development in Africa.

AI has transformative potential for youth development in Africa, addressing key sectors like healthcare, education, and governance. The AU’s AI Continental Strategy and upcoming policy brief emphasize AI’s role in industrialization, job creation, and sustainable development, aligning with Agenda 2063 goals.

Analysis

18 November 2024

AU AI Continental Strategy Analysis

The AU's 2024 AI Strategy, emphasizing inclusive governance, aims to address AI benefits and risks, promote data-sharing, harmonize regulations, and ensure ethical AI use aligned with Africa's development priorities.

Kenya to restrict use of locals’ data for foreign AI training

News Paper Article

21 January 2025

Kenya to restrict use of locals’ data for foreign AI training

Kenya plans to restrict foreign use of citizens’ data for AI training, emphasizing data sovereignty, robust governance, local storage, and international advocacy for ethical AI regulations.

AI for Africa: Use cases delivering impact

Report

1 July 2024

AI for Africa: Use cases delivering impact

AI has potential to drive Africa's development and SDGs, but challenges include limited local data, infrastructure, and skills.

AI has an environmental problem. Here’s what the world can do about that.

Issue Note

21 September 2024

AI has an environmental problem. Here’s what the world can do about that.

AI has the potential to address environmental crises but also contributes to issues like electronic waste, water consumption, and greenhouse gas emissions from data centers. UNEP urges sustainable AI deployment by improving regulations, efficiency, and renewable energy use in data centers.

Strategy document

27 February 2025

New Deal Technologique: Horizon 2034

Senegal launched the #NewDealTechnologique to become a digital services leader by 2034, leveraging AI to drive digital sovereignty, public service digitalization, economic growth, and African digital leadership.

Article

18 February 2025

A vision for public AI in Africa

Imagine a world where AI isn’t just a tool for tech giants to amass more power but a collaborative force that uplifts entire communities. Now, picture this world taking shape in Africa, where the constraints of limited resources are turning into catalysts for ingenious solutions. This isn’t a far-fetched dream—it’s a vision of sustainable and collaborative AI innovation that might be the key to transformation across the continent.

The Bletchley Declaration by Countries Attending the AI Safety Summit, 1-2 November 2023

Policy paper

1 November 2023

The Bletchley Declaration by Countries Attending the AI Safety Summit, 1-2 November 2023

AI offers significant global opportunities but also poses substantial risks, especially in areas like cybersecurity and disinformation. International cooperation is essential to ensure safe, human-centric, and responsible AI development, with a focus on ethics, transparency, and equitable distribution of benefits.

The Paradox of Africa's Autonomy in Shaping its AI Future

Blog post

26 February 2025

The Paradox of Africa's Autonomy in Shaping its AI Future

Africa has made strides in AI, but progress is limited and heavily influenced by external actors, unlike other global regions investing billions to lead and govern AI innovation independently.

Artificial Intelligence Revolution in Africa: Economic Opportunities and Legal Challenges

Policy Paper

1 July 2023

Artificial Intelligence Revolution in Africa: Economic Opportunities and Legal Challenges

AI is growing rapidly and impacting daily life, but its adoption in Africa faces challenges affecting economic development.

Policy

20 March 2025

Second Draft of the Artificial Intelligence Policy and Implementation Plan

The Center for AI and Digital Policy (CAIDP) welcomes the initiative by the Government of Lesotho to respond to the second draft on the National Artificial Intelligence (AI) Policy and Implementation Plan.1 We appreciate the opportunity to provide feedback and submit the following comments and recommendations for consideration in the process of developing the National AI Policy and Implementation Plan for Lesotho

Red Lines for AI: Restricting surveillance, reclaiming privacy

Report

1 January 2024

Red Lines for AI: Restricting surveillance, reclaiming privacy

AI surveillance technologies are used by 75 out of 176 countries, affecting over 6.9 billion people. The lack of strong global regulations allows widespread surveillance, posing privacy risks. The European Parliament's AI Act aims for regulation but doesn't fully ban certain rights-infringing uses. ARTICLE 19 advocates for stricter regulations and clear boundaries to protect human rights and privacy.

Artificial Intelligence (AI) Deployments in Africa: Benefits, Challenges and Policy Dimensions

Report

1 January 2020

Artificial Intelligence (AI) Deployments in Africa: Benefits, Challenges and Policy Dimensions

Africa lacks comprehensive AI data and faces challenges in policy, equity, and inclusion to harness AI benefits effectively.

Report

1 July 2026

Africa AI Governance Index (AAIGI): Inaugural Report, 2026 Edition

AI and the Global South: The Role of Civil Society in AI Decision-Making

Research Report

11 November 2024

AI and the Global South: The Role of Civil Society in AI Decision-Making

AI's rapid growth risks excluding Global South communities from governance. New CARE International research highlights four pathways for inclusive AI: literacy, local representation, advocacy, and equitable data governance.

AI for Inclusive Development in Africa Part 2: Data and Digital Infrastructure

Report

5 November 2024

AI for Inclusive Development in Africa Part 2: Data and Digital Infrastructure

African countries face significant challenges in AI adoption due to data deficits, limited infrastructure, and uneven internet connectivity. Bridging the digital divide, improving data security, and investing in AI-specific infrastructure like high-performance data centers and GPUs are essential to harness AI's potential for socio-economic advancement.

GOVERNANCE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN AFRICA

Report

1 March 2025

GOVERNANCE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN AFRICA

On January 27, 2025, the Africa Data Protection Association (ADP) organized an event title "Global Governance of Artificial Intelligence: what role for Africa?" as part of the Africa Data Protection Awards. This event, labelled "The road to the summit", is part of the preparations for the Summit for Action on AI scheduled for February 10 and 11, 2025 in Paris. Two roundtables discussions brought together both African and international experts:

Article

26 August 2024

How to win with AI

The ability to power each machine individually allowed manufacturers to reorganise factories. Because energy needs no longer constrained where machines were located, manufacturers could arrange machines so that materials moved linearly through the factory without having to backtrack to previous stages of production. Electricity also made it easier to operate a subset of machines, making it more convenient to operate multiple shifts or shut down part of the factory for repairs or adjustments.

Study

1 December 2024

AI policy Blueprint for Africa

The guidelines aim to help Canadian judges navigate AI use in courts, balancing innovation with caution. They emphasize awareness, caution, and leadership to ensure judicial independence, fairness, and access to justice.

Can Africa Accelerate A Post COVID-19 Socio-Economic Transformation Through Artificial Intelligence-Enabled Technologies?

Blog

8 December 2020

Can Africa Accelerate A Post COVID-19 Socio-Economic Transformation Through Artificial Intelligence-Enabled Technologies?

AI-enabled technologies can drive Africa’s socio-economic development, offering solutions in health, finance, agriculture, and more, especially post-pandemic.

Africa and The Reform of The Multilateral System: The Summit of The Future and Beyond

Report

1 August 2024

Africa and The Reform of The Multilateral System: The Summit of The Future and Beyond

Report of the Joint Namibia-Amani Africa High-Level Panel of Experts on Africa and the Reform of the Multilateral System in a changing Global order

AI Is Here to Stay! How Artificial Intelligence Can Contribute to Economic Growth in Africa

Articles

23 June 2023

AI Is Here to Stay! How Artificial Intelligence Can Contribute to Economic Growth in Africa

AI can drive Africa's development by enhancing healthcare, education, agriculture, and addressing sustainability, despite challenges.

Artificial Intelligence for Development (Quarter 2 2024)

Report

17 July 2024

Artificial Intelligence for Development (Quarter 2 2024)

AI and machine learning offer transformative potential for economic growth and sustainable development in Africa. However, challenges like algorithmic bias persist. Africa Development Insights explores how UNDP and partners can maximize AI's benefits while minimizing risks for African economies.

The Role of AI Innovation Clusters in Fostering Youth Employment in Africa

Report

4 December 2024

The Role of AI Innovation Clusters in Fostering Youth Employment in Africa

AI innovation clusters in South Africa, Egypt, Nigeria, and Kenya drive economic growth and job creation. This report highlights challenges, explores grassroots AI communities, and offers recommendations for strengthening clusters to boost youth employment and economic development.

Artificial Intelligence in Africa: Emerging Challenges

Report

1 January 2022

Artificial Intelligence in Africa: Emerging Challenges

AI ethics discussions often neglect Africa, but the continent is innovating and needs inclusive, culturally aware approaches to AI.

Africa Now Has a Continental AI Strategy: What Next?

Policy Paper

22 August 2024

Africa Now Has a Continental AI Strategy: What Next?

AI development in Africa is advancing, with benefits in healthcare, agriculture, and social services, but also posing unique risks. The AU’s AI Strategy, supported by UNESCO and experts, emphasizes ethics, inclusion, and equitable AI governance to align with African values and development goals.

Coming to Life: Artificial Intelligence in Africa

Issue Brief

1 November 2018

Coming to Life: Artificial Intelligence in Africa

AI investment surged globally in 2016, but its adoption in Africa is limited due to infrastructure and policy challenges.

Guide

17 April 2020

GUIDE ON DATA PROTECTION FOR HEALTH DATA AND ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE SOLUTIONS

The Data Protection Office recognises the unprecedented challenges that Mauritius and other countries in the world are facing during the COVID-19 pandemic. While it is clear that data protection rights are not absolute and can in no way be a barrier to save human lives, it is equally crucial to reiterate that the fundamental rights to privacy and data protection are still applicable

A new technology Cold War: How Africa can navigate the latest US export controls on AI

Article

20 January 2025

A new technology Cold War: How Africa can navigate the latest US export controls on AI

The U.S. has imposed sweeping export controls on AI and advanced technologies, targeting adversaries like China. African nations, categorized under Tier 2, face challenges and opportunities to strengthen self-reliance, regional alliances, and local innovation amidst widening technology gaps.

Report

1 January 2025

Egypt: artificial intelligence readiness assessment report

Egypt released its edition of National Artificial Intelligence Strategy (NAIS) in 2021. In response to rapid developments in AI technology, including the emergence of generative AI, the second edition of the NAIS was adopted by the Egyptian government in January 2025. Egypt has made notable progress in both developing AI technologies and improving its readiness for ethical AI implementation. Due to several achievements in the field, Egypt was ranked first in Africa, among the top ten countries in the MENA region, and 65th globally out of 188 countries. Egypt’s AI landscape indicates that it has the potential to position itself to become a leader in responsible and impactful AI, using technology to drive economic growth, foster social progress, and address national challenges.

Report

1 January 2025

AI for Good Impact Report

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is transforming the global landscape, influencing how societies learn, work, deliver health care, manage resources, and address environmental challenges. The AI for Good Impact Report 2025 provides an overview of AI’s current state, potential future trajectory, regulatory environment, and its application across key sectors. This summary distils the report’s key insights, aiming to offer readers a clear understanding of AI’s opportunities, risks, and considerations.

Artificial Intelligence. African Insight.

Report

1 February 2022

Artificial Intelligence. African Insight.

A collaborative project supports African research on AI ethics and human rights, addressing local challenges and opportunities.

The OECD-African Union AI Dialogue 2.0: From strategy to implementation

Article

22 January 2025

The OECD-African Union AI Dialogue 2.0: From strategy to implementation

The OECD-AU AI Dialogue in Cairo united 30+ countries to advance Africa’s Continental AI Strategy, emphasizing regional collaboration, diverse contexts, capacity building, and trust in AI governance.

Report

1 January 2023

The State of AI in Africa

Africa's AI adoption is growing, with significant potential but facing challenges in data access, education, and policy frameworks.

Do we need a ministry of Artificial Intelligence in Uganda? Building a future that belongs to us

LinkedIn Article

15 January 2025

Do we need a ministry of Artificial Intelligence in Uganda? Building a future that belongs to us

There is growing debate on Uganda's AI readiness and whether a Ministry of AI is necessary. Uganda ranks low globally but has potential by addressing key gaps in strategy, infrastructure, and talent development.

Beyond the good and bad: Making sense of the AU-Continental AI Strategy for African people

Article

11 November 2024

Beyond the good and bad: Making sense of the AU-Continental AI Strategy for African people

The African Union has endorsed a strategy to harness AI for Africa's development. This move is seen as a significant step towards Africa's participation in the global AI conversation. While the strategy presents a hopeful vision for Africa's future, Pollicy calls for a more nuanced approach that centers the needs of the common African. This approach will ensure that AI is used ethically and responsibly to benefit all Africans.

Report

1 September 2022

AI Governance in Africa Report 2022

AI shows promise for Africa but also poses risks. Governance is slow, with gaps in legislation and human resources.

Artificial intelligence in Africa: challenges and opportunities

Articles

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Artificial intelligence in Africa: challenges and opportunities

AI's transformative potential across industries is driving global attention. In Africa, AI's impact and opportunities are still emerging, with significant regional development.

Position Paper

4 November 2024

Beyond the good and bad: Making sense of the AU-Continental AI Strategy for African people

The African Union endorsed its AI strategy, emphasizing development, prosperity, and Africa's active role in global AI. Critiques include limited public involvement, feasibility concerns, and foreign influence risks.

Report

1 January 2025

NAMIBIA Artificial Intelligence Readiness Assessment Report

The Namibia AI Readiness Report assesses the country’s preparedness for integrating and advancing artificial intelligence (AI) across various sectors in a responsible and ethical manner. Recognized for its transformative potential, AI is seen as a key enabler of well-being, economic growth, and solutions to global challenges. The report emphasizes the importance of establishing regulations that balance innovation with responsible deployment. It draws on global frameworks, including the African Union’s Continental AI Strategy, the European Union’s AI Act, and the US AI Bill of Rights, while also highlighting UNESCO’s Recommendation on the Ethics of AI to ensure that AI development respects human rights, fairness, and sustainability.

AI for the Global Majority: The Digital Divide No One’s Talking About!

Blog post

21 February 2025

AI for the Global Majority: The Digital Divide No One’s Talking About!

The glossy and rapid expansion of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and its promise of transforming every aspect of our lives is tarnished by a growing undercurrent of exclusion. This blog authored by GDIP’s digital inclusion advocate and policy expert Onica Nonhlanhla Makwakwa explores some of the most significant barriers to digital inclusion in the age of hashtag#AI. Delve in to learn key insights from our roadmap for inclusive AI development as we detail the importance of ensuring AI’s potential is underpinned by hashtag#digitalinclusion principles

5 essential API design patterns for successful model implementation

Article

27 February 2025

5 essential API design patterns for successful model implementation

📊 Did you know 70-85% of AI implementations fail to deliver the expected ROI? The culprit is often poor API design! Check out my latest article where I break down 5 essential API design patterns that can help your AI projects succeed where others fail: ✅ RESTful Resource Modeling ✅ Asynchronous Processing with Webhooks ✅ Consistent Error Handling ✅ Versioning Strategy ✅ Authentication & Rate Limiting Real code examples included! hashtag#AIImplementation hashtag#APIDesign

Report

1 January 2024

AI in Africa Meeting the Opportunity

AI has transformative potential for Africa, promising economic growth and innovation if harnessed responsibly and inclusively.

Facilitating agency in Ghana’s tech ecosystem: Lessons from Mazzuma and Ghana NLP

Blog Post

4 December 2024

Facilitating agency in Ghana’s tech ecosystem: Lessons from Mazzuma and Ghana NLP

Multinational corporations dominate AI in Africa, amplifying inequities from digital divides. Ghana’s Mazzuma and Ghana NLP counter this by promoting locally tailored, open-source, and community-driven AI solutions.

Policy Brief

27 February 2025

Shaping the future of AI in Africa

The brief urges Africa to shape its AI future through collaboration, innovation, and ethical development, addressing infrastructure and policy gaps to harness AI for inclusive, sustainable growth.

AI for Africa by Africa: the revolution must be led not bought

Article

5 March 2025

AI for Africa by Africa: the revolution must be led not bought

The world’s attention is increasingly shifting to Africa, with global tech leaders recognizing the continent’s explosive growth potential. Sam Altman, CEO of OpenAI, has echoed a sentiment that is now gaining traction among global investors: "Africa is going to be the fastest growing and most important market over the next coming decades." However, while Africa’s market potential is undeniable, the real conversation should focus on ownership, innovation, and value creation within the continent.

Africa Sandboxes Outlook: Thinking outside the box for responsible innovation in the age of AI

Report

26 February 2025

Africa Sandboxes Outlook: Thinking outside the box for responsible innovation in the age of AI

Sandboxes are emerging as useful tools for testing regulatory and technical innovations capable of tackling the complex challenges presented by data and artificial intelligence (AI). Their potential is being explored in Africa to support data governance innovation and support data value creation. As part of the Datasphere Initiative’s Africa Sandboxes Forum, this report presents research and analysis of current sandbox experiences in Africa and offers recommendations for supporting their use to tackle complex regulatory challenges.

Why Global South Countries Need to Care About Highly Capable AI

Paper

16 December 2024

Why Global South Countries Need to Care About Highly Capable AI

Highly capable AI, primarily developed in Global North countries, could disproportionately impact Global South vulnerabilities, risking catastrophic outcomes. Stakeholders must act to ensure equitable, transformative AI development globally.

LinkedIn article

17 February 2025

The synergy of AI & Sustainability

This is Article is more tailor made to show why the World should watch out for Africa in the AI race. They should watch-out. From AI-optimized renewable energy grids to intelligent climate modeling, explore the innovations driving us toward a greener, more efficient future.

Against All Odds: Increasing African Women's Influence on AI Innovation and Policy

Article

31 October 2024

Against All Odds: Increasing African Women's Influence on AI Innovation and Policy

Africa is becoming an AI innovation hub, with women playing key roles despite challenges. Advocates like Linda Bonyo emphasize capacity-building, gender equity, inclusive governance, and funding support to empower African women in AI.

Artificial intelligence needs assessment survey in Africa

Publication

1 January 2021

Artificial intelligence needs assessment survey in Africa

UNESCO supports AI development in Africa, focusing on education, ethics, gender equality, and sustainable socio-economic growth.

Report

1 January 2025

Botswana: artificial intelligence readiness assessment report

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is becoming increasingly popular in addressing various dimensions of human activities in the Southern African region. Botswana, like many other countries in Southern Africa, is still lagging behind in the adoption and use of AI. This situation is largely attributed to the absence of a comprehensive AI strategy, resistance to technological change, limited infrastructure, and a shortage of relevant skills required to develop and implement AI solutions. Although Botswana currently does not have a formal AI strategy in place, the government has made noticeable progress toward building an AI ecosystem through several initiatives. Notably, it is in the process of finalizing the National Artificial Intelligence (AI) Policy, which will provide a strategic framework to guide the development, adoption, and regulation of AI technologies in support of national priorities and sustainable development.

OECD – FSB Roundtable on Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Finance1

Paper

30 September 2024

OECD – FSB Roundtable on Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Finance1

The OECD-FSB Roundtable discussed AI's rapid adoption in finance, focusing on its benefits in efficiency, fraud detection, and customer service, while highlighting concerns like data protection, governance, and potential financial stability risks. It emphasized the need for risk-based management, international cooperation, and regulatory oversight for safe AI deployment in financial services.

The Global South needs to own its AI revolution

Op-ed

12 February 2025

The Global South needs to own its AI revolution

On the current trajectory, the Global North will continue to dominate AI and develop new forms of economic and cultural dependency. But with investment in distributed computing and grassroots innovation, low- and middle-income countries can establish a fairer technological order that creates value for their communities.

THE USE OF GENERATIVE AI IN HIGHER EDUCATION AT AKU

Policy

24 August 2023

THE USE OF GENERATIVE AI IN HIGHER EDUCATION AT AKU

These guidelines outline principles for the use of Generative Artificial Intelligence (AI) in higher education at Aga Khan University. These guidelines aim to ensure the effective and responsible integration of Generative AI technologies into academic and administrative processes. In this document, the term “AI” is used to refer to Generative AI technologies.

Readiness assessment methodology: a tool of the Recommendation on the Ethics of Artificial Intelligence

Report

1 January 2023

Readiness assessment methodology: a tool of the Recommendation on the Ethics of Artificial Intelligence

In November 2021, the 193 Member States of UNESCO signed the Recommendation on the Ethics of Artificial Intelligence, the first global normative instrument in its domain. The Recommendation serves as a comprehensive and actionable framework for the ethical development and use of AI, encompassing the full spectrum of human rights. It does so by maintaining focus on all stages of the AI system lifecycle. Beyond elaborating the values and principles that should guide the ethical design, development and use of AI, the Recommendation lays out the actions required from Member States to ensure the upholding of such values and principles, through advocating for effective regulation and providing recommendations in various essential policy areas, such as gender, the environment, and communication and information.

The USA White House publishes its first ever National Security Memorandum on AI

Publication

11 November 2024

The USA White House publishes its first ever National Security Memorandum on AI

The US government aims to leverage AI for national security, but it must be used responsibly, ethically, and in compliance with laws and international norms.